Curcuma oil reduces endothelial cell mediated inflammation in post myocardial ischemia /reperfusion in rats

Abstract

Endothelial cells initiated inflammation persisting in post myocardial infarction needs to be controlled and moderated for avoiding fatal complications. Curcuma oil (C.oil, Herbal Medicament) a standardized hexane soluble fraction of Curcuma longa has possessed neuroprotective effect. However, its effect on MI/RP and endothelial cells remain incompletely defined. Here, using in vivo rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/RP) injury model and in vitro cellular approaches using EA.hy926 endothelial cells, ELISA, RT-PCR and myograph, we provide evidence that with effective regimen and preconditioning of rats with C.oil (250 mg/kg, P.O.), before and after MI/RP surgery protects rats from MI/RP induced injury. C.oil treatment reduces left ventricular ischemic area and endothelial cell induced inflammation, specifically in the ischemic region (*p < 0.0001) and improved endothelial function by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and adhesion factors on endothelial cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, mechanistic studies have revealed that C.oil reduced the expression of adhesion factors like E-selectin (#p = 0.0016) and ICAM-1 ($p = 0.0069) in initiating endothelial cells induced inflammation. In line, to the RT-PCR expression data, C.oil reduced the adhesion of inflammatory cells to endothelial cells as assessed by the interaction of THP-1 monocytes with the endothelial cells using flow based adhesion and under inflammatory conditions. Conclusion: These studies provide evidence that salutary effect of C.oil on MI/RP could be achieved with pre and post treatment of rats, C.oil reduced MI/RP induced injury by reducing the endothelial cell mediated inflammation, specifically in the ischemic zone of MI/RP rat heart.