Rotenone induced neurotoxicity in rat brain areas: A study on neuronal and neuronal supportive cells

Abstract

The present study was conducted to correlate rotenone-induced neurotoxicity with cellular and molecular modifications in neuronal and neuronal supportive cell in rat brain regions. Rotenone was administered (3, 6 and 12µg/µl) intranigrally in adult male SD rats. After 7th day of rotenone treatment, specific protein markers for neuronal cells-TH (tyrosine hydroxylase), astroglial cells- GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein), microglial- CD11b/c, and Iba-1 were evaluated by immunoblotting and immunofluorescenece in striatum (STR) and mid brain (MB). Apoptotic cell death was assessed by Caspase-3 gene expression. Higher doses of rotenone significantly lowered TH protein level and elevated Iba-1 level in MB. All the doses of rotenone significantly increased GFAP and CD11b/c protein in the MB. In STR, rotenone elevated GFAP level but did not affect TH, CD11b/c and Iba-1 protein level. Caspase-3 expression was increased significantly by all the doses of rotenone in MB but in STR only by higher doses (6 and 12µg). It may be suggested that astroglial activation and apoptosis play important role in rotenone-induced neurotoxicity. MB appeared as more sensitive than STR towards rotenone induced cell toxicity. The astroglial cells emerged as more susceptible than neuronal and microglial cells to rotenone in STR.