Clinical & Experimental Medicine

Reuse of laboratory animals in experiments: A statistical approach

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Reuse of laboratory animals in experiments: A statistical approach Mishra, Akansha; Srivastava, Richa; Ahmad, Ishbal; Srivastava, A K; Srivastava, Mukesh Background: Large numbers of animals are used in the screening of drug experiments in search of an active lead compound. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) studies are most popular to identify the anti-hyperglycemic compounds. In this study we have explored the possibility: ‘can the animals used as controls in OGTT experiments be reused again’. Materials and Methods: Fifty Sprague-Dawley strains of albino rats, which were used once as untreated control group in anti-hyperglycemic screening studies, were divided into 5 groups. Standard protocol of OGTT studies. Blood as sample has been used for glucose profiling. Data was analysed using ‘within error one way analysis of variance’ followed by Newman Keuls test for individual comparisons. The level of significance 0.05 was used to define p-value. Results: The daily blood glucose level was not significantly different between groups. However, the glucose level of 10 week old animals were significantly higher (P<0.01) than the fresh animals group. Conclusion: Results in this study revealed that the reuse of animals should not be preferred in OGTT experiments.

Institutional Ethics committee and stem cell research

2013-01-01T00:00:00Z

Institutional Ethics committee and stem cell research Bhosale, V V Letter to Editor

Beneficial effects of Nebivolol in comparison with Atenolol on safety and tolerability in essential hypertension

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Beneficial effects of Nebivolol in comparison with Atenolol on safety and tolerability in essential hypertension Bhosale, V V; Inamdar, S C; Karande, V B; Burute, S R; Murthy, M B; Ghatak, A Introduction: Hypertension, “The silent killer” is a multifactorial disorder which is asymptomatic and if left untreated leads to lethal complications. Nebivolol is a third generation beta blocker with additional vasodilating property due to nitric oxide release. Aim: The current study aims to assess efficacy and safety of Nebivolol and compare with Atenolol. Methods: This was prospective, double blind, comparative controlled clinical study. Total 90 patients were enrolled into study as per selection criteria. Patients were randomized to receive Atenolol and Nebivolol with 45 patients in each group for twelve week. Results and Conclusion: The mean reduction diastolic blood pressure in Nebivolol and Atenolol group was 10.77±2.60 and 10.05±2.83 respectively. The number of patients with adverse effect events was higher in the Atenolol than in the Nebivolol group (36.84% of Atenolol Vs 12.82% of Nebivolol). Thus it can be concluded that, for the same antihypertensive effect, Nebivolol was better tolerated than Atenolol.

Incidence of hepatotoxicity in Indian patients receiving standard multidrug antitubercular therapy without risk factors

2013-01-01T00:00:00Z

Incidence of hepatotoxicity in Indian patients receiving standard multidrug antitubercular therapy without risk factors Bhosale, V V; Tyagi, Anshuman; Srivastava, Mukesh; Gaur, S P S Background: Antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity (ATDH) causes substantial morbidity and mortality and diminishes treatment effectiveness. The incidence of ATDH during standard multidrug TB treatment has been variably reported as between 2% and 28%. This rate depends on the investigators' definition of hepatotoxicity, population studied, risk factors and regional characteristics. Objective: to find out the incidence of hepatotoxicity without risk factors in patients receiving standard antitubercular multidrug therapy. Design: This was prospective, two centered, clinical study. Setting: This current study is conducted at outpatient department of pulmonary medicine at KEM Mumbai and King George Medical college, Lucknow. Method: Total 616 patients were screened and 182 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were excluded if they had history of jaundice in the past 6 months or received any drug from the non allopathic systems of medicine in the past 3 months. Patients with severe hepatic, renal or cardiac disease or history of consuming alcohol daily were also excluded. Pregnant and lactating women were not allowed in the study. The development of hepatotoxicity was assessed based on clinical and biochemical examination. Drug induced injury was assessed according to the Councils for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) based criteria. Results & Conclusion Total 12 patients developed drug induced liver injury. The incidence of antitubercular drug induced hepatotoxicity was found to be 6.6% in this study